Skylight ventilator



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A Ifo/Mfrs P. BOLOGH.

,SKYLIGHT VENTILATOR. APPLICATION HLED MMM. |920.

Patented June 27, 1922.A

sHEEs-SHEET 2.

Arm/Mfrs PHILIP Bowen, or new vonk, n. Y.

` SKYLIGI-IT VENTILATOR.

Application filed 'March 5,

To all whom t may concern.:

Be itcknown that l, .PHILIP BoLoGH, a citizen ot the United States, and a resident of the city of New York, borough of Manhattan, in the county and State ofNew York, have invented a new and'mproved Skylight Ventilator, ot which the following is a full, clear, and eXact description. Y

rlhis invention relates to skylight ventilators, andmore particularly to an improved combination skylight and ventilator for use in connection with theatres, studios and other buildings.

On many types of buildings, it is necessary to employ skylights and ventilators to admit sunlight illumination and natural ventilation. The ventilators presently used are usually erected on the roof of a building and comprise vertical and enclosed opaque walls with windows or other transparent means disposedacross the top V`of the vertical walls to admit light downwardly into the build ing. This type oit ventilator and others are objectionable in numerous ways, one being that the device occupies a comparatively large space for the amount of illumination and ventilation admitted. Furthermore, they are expensive to construct and do not function with the facility and eiiiciency which is desirable in theatres and studios. Owing to the necessity of making the ventilators weatherproof, it has been the practice to construct them as above mentioned, which admits of light only from the top or roof of the ventilator.

Therefore, an object of my invention is to produce a new and'improved combination skylight and ventilator to overcome the objections to the ones now in use; and to produce equipment ywhich is inexpensive to manufacture and which occupies minimum space yet will admit maximum illumination and ventilation.

Itis an additional purpose to produce a skylight ventilator departing 'from the design oi those now in use, in that my ventilator is characterized by having transparent protective closures carried in a ridged or pointed frame mounted directly over the skylight curb, which eliminates the solid, vertical walls of the older skylight ventilator.

It is also a purpose to produce a skylight ventilator which is normally open, and which when closed is automatic in its opening operation when released, to the end that a lire Specification of Lettersatent. Pgttigq Jun@ 27 1920. sanar No. seater may cause a'ventilator to open and permitV lject of this invention, to provide a window construction the normal position of which results in the window being' opened due to the disposition of the mass of the window and its cooperating parts, whereby gravit-y will maintain the window in its open position unless it, through itsy cooperating parts, is held closed by some means or other.

f With the above and other objects in view, the invention has relation to the construction and arrangement ot ventilator parts asset forth in the appended claims defining this invention, and one particular embodiment of which is described in the following specitication and `illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure l discloses avertical sectional view through the skylight ventilator erected on the roo-f of a building, and is, more particularly, a view taken on the line 1 1 oi" Figure 2; and Figure 2 illustrates a plan view oi the skylight ventilator in partial section as taken on the line 2&2 or Figure l. These two views illustrate the ventilating features of the skylight in open position to admit air into the building.

Figure 3 shows a sectional view cfa portion of the ventilator in closed' position.

Figure i shows a fragmentary plan view ot' parts of the ventilator employed to open and close the windows ot' the equipment.

A skylight ventilator constructed inv accordance with the plansy of this invention employs rattersseated on the skylight curb and joined together at the top kto form a sloping or ridged`1trame in the shape 4oi a house root. A Y plurality oic windows are pivoted on the trameto close the skylight ventilatoragainst weather conditions and to admit light. The windows are arranged in sets, one above the other, and linked together by a rod to simultaneously move the windows. 'A rock shaft is employed to displace the rod to open and close the windows. Other details of construction and operation appear in further detail in the following specification.

In presenting a more complete description of my invention, there is shown the skylight curb 8, which is usually an integral part of the roof of the building, upon which the ventilator is erected. The mouth or opening within the curb is usually closed by a screen 9. My ventilator is capable of being erected over any opening and is supported on the curb 8. The size of the opening in the ventilator when the windows are in open position is at least equal to the area of the opening 8 in the roof over which the skylight is disposed.

A number of sloping rafters 11 are mounted on the curb 8 and joined together at the top to form a ridged or roofiike frame. .lt is practical to equidistantly space apart any number of these rafters 11 to form a substantial supporting frame to Vcarry pivoted window sections, as shown in Figure 2. The lower ends of the rafters are anchored to the curb in any suitable way and likewise joined together at the top by a ridge plate or other approved construction. The ends of the ridged frame may be either closed by opaque walls, such as sheet metal, or windows may be mounted therein. Each sloping side of the rafters or frame is adapted to support pivoted window sections to be opened and closed to facilitate the illumination and ventilation of the building` down through the opening over which this equipment is erected.

`'l'ransparent ventilators or windows are made in sections 14 and anchored together in any suitable frame 15 to form a onepiece window section. This window section is pivotally swung between the rafters on fulcrum bolts 16. The bolts are carried in the rafters 11 and pivotally retain the frame 15. The fulcrum bolts are usually placed in the center of the window section let to balance it between the rafters 11. These window sections 111 as described are arranged one above the other in a series of overlapping window sections extending from the Vbase of the ventilator to the apex thereof. The lower edges of each section 14 overlap the adjacent window section, as shown in Figure 3. which provides a weatherproof joint. The window sections may be constructed size most satisfactory to the particular work at hand, and any number of sections may be employed, depending upon the size of the skylight ventilator to lbe built. For example, the skylight ventilator shown in Figure 2 comprises three series of pivoted sections swung between the rafters.

A horizontal support 18 is supported on opposite rafters 11 and spaced somewhat below the crest or ridge of the frame. A

bearing bracket 19 is fixed to each support bar 18, and these brackets are placed in alignment for the reception of shafts. A pair of shafts 2O are rotatably confined in the bearing brackets 19 in spaced, parallel relation. Each shaft is provided with a pull arm 21 fixed thereto for the purpose of oscillating the shafts by working the arms. A rope or cord 22 is attached to the outer, swinging end of each arm and hangs downwardly through the skylight, for the purpose of closing the skylight from the floor below the skylight. Each pull arm 21 is shaped asA shown in detail in Figure 3 so as to provide a stop 23, 'which lies against the adjacent shaft 2O when the pull arm is in upwardly displaced position, as shown in Figure '1. Each'pull arm is fixed to its shaft 2O adjacent one of the` supports 18 in order that the pressure brought to bear against the pull arms in closing the ventilator will not sag the shafts.

A connecting rod 25 is pivotally attached to the window sections 1a by applying the rod to the inner and upper edge of each window, centrally arranged with respect to the window sections. The rod is pivotally attached to each window section, as indicated at 2G. A connecting rod 25 is provided for each series of window sections pivotally supported between the adjacent parallel rafters 11. 1t is therefore seen how the rod 25 may be actuated to simultaneH ously move all the windows to opened or closed. position.

An actuating arm 28 is fixed to each shaft 2O adjacent the upper end of each connect ing rod 25. i link 29 is pivotally interposed between the connecting rod 25 and actuating arm 28 to establish a connected relation between each shaft and each connecting rod 25. r1`he link 29 is used between each connecting rod 25 and each actuating arm 28 to establish a controlling relation over each individual tier or series of pivoted windows contained within the equipment.

1t is to be noted that the windows are pivotally balanced between the rafters 11, but with the addition of the connecting rod 25, and associated parts, the balance is overcome by the added weight of the additional parts. This causes the inner upper edges of the window sections to be heavier than the lower portions thereof, which tends to keep the ventilator in open position, as shown in Figure 1. rhis open position of the parts is necessarily a desirable feature of any skylight ventilator, for the reason that it is usually desirable to have a building receive the maximum ventilation. Y

1n order to close the ventilator, it is only 1 ,est ,-1- 54 upwardly', therebyswinging the Connecting rod upwardly andr carrying with it the at-l tached: windows to close alil the windows to the skylight to hold the skylight ventilator "in closed position.

By releasing the rope, the'skylight will automatically open. i

This combination skylight and ventilator is comparatively simple and inexpensive in construction and positive in operation. It admits maximum light and ventilation for the space occupied, for the reason that the entire surface occupied by thesloping or ridged rooliike frame is provided with ventilating and light-admitting means. Y

Having thus described my invention, I desire to claim and secure by Letters Patent: 1. A skylight ventilator comprising a frame, a window; pivoted in the frame, a portion of the window disposed below the pivot point adapted to swing outwardly when the window` is moved to open position, said window having a normal open position, and means for holding the window' in closed position, the mass of the window and its cooperating means with respectto the pivot being so distributed that when released it automatically opens.

2. A skylight ventilator comprising, a frame, windows pivoted in the frame, a portion of each window disposed below the pivot point adapted to swing outwardly when the window is moved to open position, means for simultaneously closing all the windows, means for holding the windows in closed position, and means for automatically opening the windows when the holding means is released.

3. A skylight ventilator comprising a plurality of rafters joined together at one end to form a rooflike frame, a plurality of window sections pivoted between the rafters, connecting rods joining the window sections and means cio-operating with the connecting rods to hold the windows in a closed position, the distribution of the mass of the windows around the pivot pin being such that when the holding means is released the windows automatically return to a normal open position.

4. A skylight ventilator comprising a rafter frame, a plurality of window sections pivoted in this rafter frame, connections between each window section causing them to move in unison, a shaft, means connecting the shaft with the connecting rods to move with the section when the shaft is moved, a stop, and means for actuating the shaft to move the window section to a closed position, the mass of the windows and their cooperating means being so distributed around the pivot point as to cause the windows' to move to a normal Aopen U position when thel actuatingmea-ns is released, said actuating means dur-Ar ingy thev releasing movement; adapted t0-en gage the stop whereby the windowsremain in a definite open position. Y

A1 skylight "ventilator for roofs `having an aperture therein', comprisingI a frame disf`v posedy over the aperture ing the roof; a-plui.Y rality of pivoted window sections mounted..V on the frame, a portion ofeach window dis-fK posedv below the pivot rpointfadapted-fito swingfoutf'wardly when the-window is moved to open position, the aperture in the ventilator, when the window sections are open, being at least equal to the area of the aperture in the roof.

6. A skylight ventilator comprising a frame, a plurality of pivoted window sections mounted on the frame and adapted normallyto remain open, a portion of each window disposed below the pivot point adapted to swing outwardly when the window is moved to open position, a stop, and means for holding the windows in a closedy position, the mass of the windows and their cooperating means being so distributed around the pivot pin as to cause the windows to return to a normal open position when the holding means is released, said holding means and said stop adapted to engage whereby the movement of the holding means is arrested at a predetermined point in its travel.

7 A skylightV ventilator comprising a frame, a plurality of sets of pivoted window sections ymounted on a frame, a shaft for each set of window sections, connections between the sets of sections and the shafts, and means associated with each shaft to actuate the shaft in one direction, the actuating means on each shaft adapted when moving in an opposite direction to engage the other shaft whereby its movement is arrested at a predetermined point in its travel.

8. A skylight ventilator comprising a frame, a plurality of sets of window sections pivoted on said frame, a shaft associated with each set of sections, connections between each shaft and its set of sections, and an actuating arm on each shaft adapted to be Aoperated to move the windows to a closed position, the mass of the windows and their cooperating means around the pivot pin being distributed so that when the actuating means isreleased the windows will return to a normal open position, each shaft being disposed in the line of travel of the actuating member on the other shaft whereby movement of-the actuating member in a given direction is arrested at a predetermined point is its travel.

9. A skylight ventilator comprising a window frame having a triangular cross section, a roof having an aperture therein, the base of the window frame being disposed roof having` an aperture therein, the base of the framebeing' disposed over the aperture, a plurality of pivoted Window sections mounted on the frame, the portion of each section disposed belou7 the pivot points adapted to move outwardly when the Window sections are moved to open position, the

aperture in the ventilator, when theV Window sections are open, being at least equal tothe area of the aperture of the roof.

' 'PHILIP BoLoGH. 

